Best practices for DNS settings on DC and domain members.

Configuration of Domain controller

A domain controller also acts as a DNS server. Here's how to configure its DNS client settings:
  • IF YOU HAVE JUST ONE DC (you should not but anyway), preferred DNS must be its private IP address (not loopback IP like 127.x.x.). Alternate should be empty.
  • IF YOU HAVE TWO OR MORE DCs, preferred DNS must be the IP of ANOTHER DC, alternate must be its private IP address.
Other notes:
  • If multiple NICs (either enabled or disabled) are present on server, make sure the active NIC is on top in NIC binding.
  • IPv6 should not be disabled on DC’s NIC card. Set it to “obtain IPV6 address automatically” and “obtain DNS server address automatically”
  • Contact your ISP and get valid DNS IPs from them and add it in to the forwarders, Do not set public DNS server in TCP/IP settings of DC.
If you change any of these, restart DNS server and NETLOGON service on each DC.

Note on MULTI-HOMING (having more than one Network cards/IP addresses)

Multi-homing for a domain controller is not recommended, it always results in multiple problems (Active Directory Communication Fails on Multihomed Domain Controllers and http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;191611)

Multi-homing for a Master Browsers is prohibited. (a Domain Controller with the PDC Role is automatically Domain Master Browser.)

Note that being a VPN Server and even simply running RRAS makes a server multi-homed.

Clients (Workstations/Member servers)

  • Primary = DC1 (NEVER SET IT TO ANYTHING EXCEPT A DOMAIN CONTROLLER)
  • Secondary = DC2 or empty if you don't have a 2nd DC. You MAY get away if you add a public DNS server here but it's not recomended.
Once you are done with above, run “ipconfig /flushdns & ipconfig /registerdns

Diagnostic tools

ipconfig /displaydns   # show all cached name <-> IP entries

ipconfig /flushdns   # clear all cached name <-> IP entries

nslookup in.gr # resolve IP of in.gr

nslookup in.gr 8.8.8.8 # ask 8.8.8. to resolve IP of in.gr

References

https://abhijitw.wordpress.com/2012/03/03/best-practices-for-dns-client-settings-on-domain-controller/

http://support.microsoft.com/kb/825036
Topic revision: r5 - 09 Feb 2025, NickDemou
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